Slavuta concentration camp. The extermination of Soviet prisoners of war by the Nazis in the Gross Infirmary of Slavuta in the Kamenets-Podolsk region

In the section on the question What do you know about the German concentration camp "Stalag 301" Groslazaret in Ukraine? given by the author I-beam the best answer is The concentration camps of Nazi Germany were a terrible machine for exterminating people, and not only
prisoners of war, but also the civilian population of occupied countries. Only in Germany itself
by April 1944 there were 20 of them with hundreds of branches in occupied countries.
There was a clear system of their organization. Concentration camps were divided into several types:
- temporary detention centers for prisoners of war (barns, clubs, mines, etc.);
- army assembly point for prisoners of war (an area fenced with barbed wire, but the same as point 1);
- dulag (durkhganslager) - a temporary, transit transfer point, where officers were separated from sergeants and
privates. Duration of detention up to six months;
- Stalag (standard camp) - a camp for the permanent detention of prisoners of war;
- oflag - camp for officers;
- tailag - a penal camp with particularly harsh conditions of detention;
- Groslazaret - camps where experiments were carried out on prisoners (these camps were classified).
One of these terrible camps: “Grosslazaret Slavuta Camp-301” was built by the Nazis in the fall
1941 in Slavuta (Khmelnitsky region), in the places where Stalin’s defense line was built before the war.
This concentration camp was one of the largest in Ukraine. Horrific things were happening behind barbed wire.
crime against humanity. The Nazis killed, starved, cold and experimented, butchered
More than 150 thousand captured soldiers and officers of the Red Army were beaten with sticks.
The prisoners were forced to harness themselves to carts, on which they carried and transported the killed to the preliminary
dug holes. During the day - at least 300 executed souls. And they didn’t have time to bury them.
People were dying en masse from a disease that German doctors called “paracholera.”
"Aesculapians" resorted to crude medical experiments on the unfortunate....
Now a memorial “Field of Memory” has been created on this site.

TODAY IN THE ISSUE: Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1 page). From the Soviet Information Bureau. - Operational summary for August 2 (1 page). The extent of the territory occupied by the Germans, liberated by the Red Army from the German and Finnish invaders from June 23 to August 2, 1944 (2 pages). Report of the Extraordinary State Commission to establish and investigate the atrocities of the Nazi invaders and their accomplices (3 pages). Lieutenant Colonel M. Zotov. - Battles for Rzeszow (3 pages). Colonel A. Shevelev. Engineer-Captain V. Gogish. - Road transport during an offensive in the mountains (4 pages). M. Vitich. - Letters from Yugoslavia (4 pages). Türkiye broke off diplomatic and economic relations with Germany (4 pages).

REPORT OF THE EXTRAORDINARY STATE COMMISSION
to establish and investigate the atrocities of the Nazi invaders and their accomplices

During the liberation of the city of Slavuta from the Germans by the Red Army, an “infirmary” for Soviet prisoners of war was discovered on the territory of a former military town. There were over 500 exhausted and seriously ill people there. They talked about the killing of tens of thousands of Soviet prisoners of war by German doctors and “infirmary” guards.

Under the chairmanship of N.S. Khrushchev. Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR, a special investigative commission investigated the situation and circumstances of the killing by the Nazis in the Slavuta hospital of officers and soldiers of the Red Army who were captured by the Germans. The commission checked the material of the interrogation carried out by the senior justice adviser of the Prosecutor's Office of the Ukrainian SSR L.G. Maltsev, with the participation of representatives of the Extraordinary State Commission B.T. Gottsev. and Kononov V.A., and data from the analysis of forensic experts: the chief forensic expert of the People's Commissariat of Health of the Ukrainian SSR, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences Sapozhnikov Yu.S., Head of the Pathomorphological Sector of the Moscow Central Neurosurgical Institute, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences Smirnova L.I. and Director of the Kharkov Research Institute of Forensic Science of the People's Commissariat of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR, Professor Bokarius N.N.

As a result of the investigation, a huge number of testimonies of witnesses and victims, orders of the occupation authorities and other documents were collected, exposing the Hitlerite government and the high command of the German army in gross violation of the elementary rules of humanity.

Based on these materials, the Extraordinary State Commission established:

In the fall of 1941, the Nazi invaders occupied the city of Slavuta and organized a “infirmary” for wounded and sick officers and soldiers of the Red Army, calling it “Gross Infirmary” Slavuta, Tsai Camp 301.” The “infirmary” was located one and a half to two kilometers southeast of Slavuta and occupied ten three-story stone buildings - blocks. The Nazis surrounded all the buildings with a dense network of wire fences. Along the barriers, towers were built every 10 meters, on which there were machine guns, searchlights and guards.

The administration, German doctors and the guards of the "Gross Infirmary" in the person of Commandant Hauptmann Planck, then Major Pavlisk, who replaced him, Deputy Commandant Hauptmann Kronsdorfer, Hauptmann Noe, Stabsarzt Dr. Borbe, his deputy Dr. Sturm, Ober-Sergeant-Major Ilsemann and Sergeant-Major Becker - carried out a massive extermination of Soviet prisoners of war by creating a special regime of hunger, overcrowding and unsanitary conditions, using torture and outright murder, depriving the sick and wounded of treatment and forcing extremely exhausted people to hard labor.

GERMAN "GROSS-INSALARET" SLAVUT - INSKARET OF DEATH

In the Gross Infirmary, the German authorities concentrated 15-18 thousand seriously and lightly wounded Soviet prisoners of war, as well as those suffering from various infectious and non-infectious diseases. New batches of wounded and sick Soviet prisoners of war were continuously sent here to replace the dead. Along the way, prisoners of war were tortured, starved and killed. From each train arriving at the “infirmary”, the Nazis threw out hundreds of corpses. The driver of the water tower located on the territory of the former military camp, Danilyuk A.I. reported to the Investigative Commission that he saw how “20-25 corpses were thrown out of each carriage of the arriving train, and up to 800-900 corpses remained on the railway line.”

Along the way on foot, thousands of Soviet prisoners of war died from hunger, thirst, lack of medical care, and the wild tyranny of the German convoy. Nurse of the Slavuta Hospital Ivanova A.N. testified before the Investigative Commission that local residents often brought Soviet prisoners of war abandoned by convoy to the hospital with severe injuries inflicted on the way. Among those taken to the hospital and who died, she named first-rank technician Solomai, staff clerk Poshekhonov and private soldier Kapiles.

As a rule, the Nazis met batches of prisoners of war at the gates of the “infirmary” with blows from rifle butts and rubber batons, then took away leather shoes, warm clothes and personal belongings from the new arrivals.

GERMAN DOCTORS DELIBERATELY SPREAD INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN THE “INFICIOUS”

In the Gross Infirmary, German doctors artificially created incredible crowding. The prisoners of war were forced to stand, huddled closely together, exhausted from fatigue and exhaustion, fell and died. The Nazis used various methods of “densifying” the “infirmary”. Former prisoner of war Khuazhev I.Ya. reported that the Germans “closed the rooms with machine gun fire and people involuntarily pressed themselves closely against each other; Then the Nazis pushed the sick and wounded in here and closed the doors.”

In the “infirmary”, German doctors deliberately spread infectious diseases. They placed patients with typhus, tuberculosis, dysentery, and wounded with severe and minor injuries in one block and in one cell. Former prisoner of war Soviet doctor Kryshtop A.A. showed that “in one block there were patients with typhus and tuberculosis, the number of patients reached 1,800 people, while under normal conditions no more than 400 people could be accommodated there.” The cells were not cleaned. The patients remained for several months in the underwear in which they were captured. They slept without any bedding. Many were scantily clad or completely naked. The premises were not heated, and the primitive stoves made by the prisoners of war themselves were destroyed. Basic sanitary treatment of those entering the “infirmary” was not carried out. All this contributed to the spread of infectious diseases. In the “infirmary” there was no water for washing or even drinking. As a result of unsanitary conditions, lice in the “infirmary” assumed monstrous proportions.

GERMAN DOCTORS AND GUARDS OF THE “GROSS LAZARET” STARVED SOVIET PRISONERS OF WAR

The daily food ration of Soviet prisoners of war consisted of 250 grams of ersatz bread and 2 liters of so-called “gruel”. Ersatz bread was baked from flour specially sent from Germany. In one of the “infirmary” warehouses, about 15 tons of this flour were found, stored in 40 kilogram paper bags with factory labels “Spelzmel”. Forensic medical and chemical examination, as well as an analysis carried out by the Institute of Nutrition of the People's Commissariat of Health of the USSR on June 21, 1944, established “that “flour” is chaff with an insignificant admixture of starch (1.7 percent). The presence of starch indicates the content of an insignificant amount of flour in the mass under study, apparently formed from grains accidentally falling into the straw during threshing. Eating “bread” made from this flour entailed starvation, nutritional dystrophy, in its calectic and edematous (hunger edema) forms, and contributed to the spread of severe gastrointestinal diseases among Soviet prisoners of war, usually ending in death.”

Balanda, made from buckwheat and millet husks, unpeeled and half-rotten potatoes, all kinds of garbage, mixed with earth, and glass fragments, also had a detrimental effect on the body. Often food was prepared from carrion, collected by order of the commandant in the vicinity of the “infirmary”.

According to the statement of former prisoners of war Inozemtsev I.I., Chigrin E.I. and Zhdanova P.N. In the Gross Infirmary, outbreaks of diseases of an unknown nature were periodically observed, called “parocholera” by German doctors. The disease “parocholera” was the fruit of barbaric experiments of German doctors. Both these epidemics arose and ended suddenly. The outcome of “parocholera” was fatal in 60-80 percent of cases. The corpses of some of those who died from these diseases were opened by German doctors, and Russian prisoners of war doctors were not allowed to perform autopsies.

Despite the fact that the Slavuta camp was officially called the “Gross Infirmary” and had a significant number of medical personnel on its staff, sick and wounded officers and soldiers of the Red Army did not receive the most basic medical care. Medicines for the sick and wounded were not provided. The wounds were not subjected to surgical treatment and were not bandaged. Wounded limbs with bone damage were not immobilized. Even the seriously ill were not provided with care. Former prisoner of war nurse Molchanova P.A. reported that “The sick and wounded in large numbers, concentrated in the room next to us, behind a plank partition, did not receive any medical care. Day and night, continuous pleas for help were heard from their room, requests to be given at least a drop of water. A heavy stench from festering and neglected wounds penetrated through the cracks between the boards.”

TORTURE AND EXECUTION OF SOVIET PRISONERS OF WAR

Soviet prisoners of war in the Gross Infirmary were subjected to torture and torture, beaten when distributing food and when being taken to work. The fascist executioners did not spare even the dying. During the exhumation of corpses, a forensic medical examination discovered, among others, the corpse of a prisoner of war, who, in an agonal state, had been stabbed with a knife in the groin area. With a knife sticking into the wound, he was thrown into the grave and covered with earth while still alive.

One of the types of mass torture “in the infirmary” was the confinement of the sick and wounded in a punishment cell, which was a cold room with a cement floor. Those imprisoned in the punishment cell were deprived of food for several days and many died there. In order to further exhaust the sick and weak people, the Nazis forced them to run around the “infirmary” buildings, and those who could not run were beaten half to death.

There were frequent cases of prisoners of war being killed by German guards for fun. Former prisoner of war Bukhtiychuk D.P. reported how the Germans threw the entrails of fallen horses onto the wire fences, and then the prisoners of war, distraught with hunger, ran up to the fences, and the guards opened fire on them from machine guns. Witness Kirsanov L.S. I saw how one of the prisoners of war was bayoneted for picking up a potato tuber from the ground. Former prisoner of war Shatalov A.T. “I witnessed how a guard shot a prisoner of war who was trying to get a second helping of gruel.” In February 1942, he “saw how a sentry wounded one of the prisoners, who was looking in the garbage pit for food left in the German kitchen of the staff; the wounded man was immediately taken to the pit, undressed and shot.”

The commandant's office and the camp guards repeatedly used sophisticated measures of torture. Among the opened exhumed corpses, the forensic medical examination discovered four corpses of prisoners of war, killed with cold steel, with puncture wounds to the head penetrating into the cranial cavity.

Despite the extreme degree of exhaustion and severe weakness, the Nazis forced the wounded and sick prisoners of war to perform back-breaking physical labor. Heavy loads were carried on prisoners of war, and the corpses of murdered Soviet people were transported. The guards killed exhausted and falling prisoners of war on the spot. The path to and from work, according to the statement of the priest of the city Slavuta Milevsky, is marked, like milestones, by small grave mounds.

The most striking evidence of the savage attitude of the Nazi executioners towards Soviet prisoners of war is the fact that they buried many sick and wounded in graves alive. Former prisoner of war Pankin A.M. There is a known case when in February 1943 a patient who was unconscious was taken to the death room. He woke up as a dead patient, which was reported to the German - the chief of the block. But he ordered the patient to be left in the dead room and the patient was buried.

Based on the discovery in the deep respiratory tracts of four corpses of prisoners of war, down to the smallest bronchi, “a large number of grains of sand that could have gotten so deep only during the respiratory movements covered with sand,” a forensic medical examination established that in the “Gross Infirmary” the guards of the commandant’s office with the knowledge of the Germans doctors buried Soviet people alive.

GERMAN EXECUTIONERS SHOOT CIVILIANS FOR PROVIDING ASSISTANCE TO SOVIET PRISONERS OF WAR

Despite the strictest security and unbridled repression, Soviet prisoners of war made individual and group escapes from the “infirmary”, finding shelter among the local population of Slavuta and surrounding settlements. In this regard, on January 15, 1942, the Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, whose district included the city of Slavuta, issued a special order to warn the population that “for providing assistance to “outsiders”, i.e. any assistance provided to escaped prisoners of war, the perpetrators will be shot. If the direct culprits are not found, then in each case 10 hostages will be shot.” The district government of the city of Slavuta, in turn, announced that “all prisoners of war who left the hospital without permission are outlawed and are subject to execution in any place where they are found.”

The Nazis arrested, beat and shot the escaped and detained prisoners of war, as well as the citizens who assisted them. Priest Zhurkovsky is aware of the arrest and execution of 26 civilians who provided assistance to prisoners of war. Witness Frigauf Ya.A. reported that for helping prisoners of war, the doctor of the local hospital Makhnilov, the daughter of Doctor Vaitseshuk, and the nurse Nionila were arrested.

The chief of the Slavuta gendarmerie, Chief Wachmeister Robert Gotovitz, and his deputy, Wachmeister Lohr, showed particular activity in reprisals against detained prisoners of war and civilians. The Nazis carried out the execution of Soviet people in the area adjacent to the water tower of the former military town from the south, near the Gross Infirmary. They chose this place in order to intimidate prisoners of war, who were unwitting witnesses to monstrous atrocities.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE BARBARIAN REGIME INSTALLED IN THE “GROSS LAZARET”

During a medical examination of 525 Soviet prisoners of war released from the Gross Infirmary in Slavuta, 435 were found to have an extreme degree of exhaustion, 59 to have a complicated course of wounds, and 31 to have a neuropsychic disorder. A forensic medical examination, based on an internal study of 112 and an external examination of 500 exhumed corpses, came to the conclusion that the administration and German doctors of the “infirmary” created a regime in which there was almost total mortality of the sick and wounded. Forensic experts consider the main cause of death of Soviet prisoners of war to be extreme exhaustion, infectious diseases, gunshot wounds from machine guns and knives. No medical institution knows such a mortality rate as was in the “infirmary”. Around the clock, prisoners of war, harnessed to carts, took corpses to pre-prepared pits and still did not have time. Then, to speed up the “transportation,” the corpses were thrown out of the “infirmary” directly from the windows and piled up in the courtyard.

Former prisoner of war Sevryugin A.V. reported: “People around me were dying by the hundreds. Near me, 9-10 people died every day. The dead were taken away, the places were occupied by new patients, and in the morning the same picture was repeated. The colossal mortality rate reached 300 people a day.” During the two years of occupation of the city of Slavuta, with the participation of German doctors Borbe, Sturm and other medical workers, the Nazis exterminated up to 150 thousand officers and soldiers of the Red Army in the Gross Infirmary.

GERMAN EXECUTIONERS TRIED TO HIDE THE TRACES OF THEIR CRIMES

The Nazi executioners tried their best to cover up the traces of their crimes. They carefully disguised the burial places of Soviet prisoners of war. This is confirmed by investigation and forensic evidence. Up to a thousand mass graves have been discovered on the territory of the former military camp alone. Eight names of those buried were written on the cross of grave No. 623. When this grave was opened, there were 32 corpses in it. The same thing was revealed during the opening of grave No. 624. In other graves, during the opening, a layer of soil was discovered between the corpses lying in it. When opening grave No. 625, 10 corpses were removed, and under a layer of soil 30 centimes thick. two more rows of corpses. The same thing was revealed when opening grave No. 627 and grave No. 8. 30 corpses were extracted from the latter, and many more corpses were found under a layer of soil that were buried much older.

The Nazis disguised burial sites by planting trees on them, laying paths, laying out flower beds, etc. Near barracks No. 6, under one of the paths lined with stones, a grave measuring 4.5 meters by 3 meters was discovered. In the northwest direction from this barracks, not far from the highway leading to Shepetovka, three camouflaged graves were discovered ranging in size from 6 meters by 2 meters to 6.5 meters by 2.5 meters.

TO THE ANSWER OF HITLER'S EXECUTIONERS

Based on the testimony of witnesses, forensic medical examination data and an investigation carried out by a special commission, the Extraordinary State Commission irrefutably established the fact of the deliberate extermination of up to 150 thousand Soviet prisoners of war by the guards and German doctors of the Gross Infirmary.

The Extraordinary State Commission holds the government and military command of Nazi Germany, as well as the direct culprits, responsible for these crimes: Stabsarzt Dr. Borbe, his deputy Dr. Sturm, Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, Major Pavlisk, Hauptmann Planck, Hauptmann Noe, Hauptmann Kronedorfer, Ober - sergeant-major Ilsemann, sergeant-major Becker, chief of the Slavuta gendarmerie, chief sergeant-major Gotovits and his deputy, sergeant-major Lor.

All of them must bear severe punishment for their monstrous bloody crimes, expressed in the deliberate extermination of Soviet prisoners of war soldiers and officers of the Red Army.

**************************************** **************************************** **************************************** **************************
From the Soviet Information Bureau *

During August 2, west of the city of REZEKNE (REZHICA), our troops fought offensive battles, during which they captured the city of VARAKLANI, and also occupied more than 30 other settlements, including SARNI, GROZI, LEIMANI, TILTAGALS, STETI and the TILTAGALS railway station.

North of the city of KAUNAS (KOVNO), our troops fought forward and captured the district center of the Lithuanian SSR - the city and railway station of KEDAINIAI, and also occupied more than 100 other settlements, including the large settlements YAKUBAITSY, KROKI, DATNOVO, OAKS, JASVOYNI, ZASTRABE and the DATNOVO railway station.

North-west and south of the city of MARIAMPOL, our troops, continuing the offensive, captured the city of VILKAVISHKIS (VOLKOVISHKI), the city of KALVARIYA, and also occupied more than 100 other settlements with battles, including the large settlements of DYDVIZHE, BOLISHI SHELVY, YANOVKA, SLOBODKA, BUDVECE , VIDUGERY and railway stations VILKAVISKIS, KALVARIA.

North and west of the city of SEDLEC, our troops fought to occupy more than 200 settlements, including the city of CIEKHANOWEC, large settlements of VOYTKOWICE, HRANNOE, GRUDEK, KAMENKA, SKSHESHEV, REPKI, VOROZHEMBY, FERN, KRYNICA, SUCHODZHIABRY, MROCKI, LAZISKA, , CHARNA .

West of the city of YAROSLAW, our troops, having broken enemy resistance, captured the city and the railway junction of RZHESHOW, and also occupied more than 150 other settlements with battles, including the large settlements of ROZALIN, MAIDAN, KOLBUSZOWA, GLOGOW, MROMLIA, DOLNA, BOGUKHAWALA, CHUDEC, STRIZZOW and railway stations BOGUCHWALA, BABICA, CZUDEC, STRIZZOW.

On other sectors of the front - no significant changes.

On August 1, our troops on all fronts knocked out and destroyed 63 German tanks. In air battles and anti-aircraft artillery fire, 76 enemy aircraft were shot down.

West of the city of Rezekne (Rezitsa), the enemy, using the swampy terrain convenient for defense, puts up stubborn resistance. The Germans dug in at the crossroads and turned all the hills into powerful defense strongholds. Our troops, acting in small groups, penetrate behind enemy lines, blockade and destroy their centers of resistance. Units of the N-formation bypassed the city and the Varaklani road junction and, as a result of a swift attack, captured it. Tiltagals railway station is also busy. In these battles, 800 German soldiers and officers were killed. Prisoners and trophies were captured.

North of the city of Kaunas (Kovno), the enemy has launched strong counterattacks in recent days. The Germans intended to strike at the Soviet troops advancing in a northwestern direction. In fierce battles, our troops exhausted the enemy and then unleashed a powerful blow on him. Having broken the resistance of the Nazis, Soviet units crossed the Nevyazha River and, with a swift attack from several directions, captured a large highway junction, the city and the Kėdainiai railway station. Our troops completely cleared the Vilnius - Siauliai railway from the Nazi invaders. The enemy lost only up to 2 thousand soldiers and officers killed. 38 guns, 12 mortars, 90 machine guns and 100 vehicles and carts were destroyed. 29 guns, 11 warehouses with weapons and ammunition and 340 railway cars were captured. More than 200 prisoners were taken.

North-west of the city of Mariampol, developing the offensive, our troops captured the city of Vilkaviskis (Volkovyshki), located 18 kilometers from our state border with Germany. The enemy is trying by all means to delay the advance of the Soviet troops. He threw into battle artillery, tank and two infantry divisions that had just arrived from the central regions of Germany. Skillfully maneuvering, our tank and infantry units inflict sudden and crushing blows on the enemy. In a number of places, the Germans did not even have time to blow up railway and highway bridges during their retreat. Many roads are clogged with serviceable vehicles and guns abandoned by the Nazis. In one area, Soviet tank crews defeated a German military train en route to the front line. In another sector, the German marching battalion was completely destroyed before it reached its destination. During the day of fighting, units of the N-formation destroyed up to 2,500 Nazis, knocked out and burned 17 tanks, destroyed 110 vehicles and 200 carts with cargo.

South of the city of Mariampol, our troops continued to push back the stubbornly resisting enemy. After fierce fighting, which turned into hand-to-hand combat, Soviet units captured the city of Kalvaria. The 131st German infantry division was severely defeated. The 432nd regiment of this division was completely destroyed. Many prisoners and trophies were taken.

Our aviation actively supported the actions of ground troops. During the day, Soviet pilots shot down 29 German aircraft in air battles.

Fierce fighting raged for several days west of the city of Yaroslav. The Germans launched large infantry forces, many tanks and self-propelled guns into counterattacks. Having broken the enemy's resistance, our troops crossed the Wisłok River south and north of the city of Rzeszow and squeezed the enemy garrison in a vice. Other Soviet units dealt a frontal blow to the enemy and broke into the city. Today the German garrison is completely destroyed. The city of Rzeszow - a junction of railways and highways - has been cleared of the enemy. The Germans suffered heavy losses in men and equipment. 43 enemy tanks and self-propelled guns were burned and destroyed. Over 400 German soldiers and officers were captured.

Our aircraft bombed a large concentration of German military trains on the tracks of the Riga railway junction. Six enemy echelons were destroyed by a direct hit from bombs. Fires started as a result of the bombing. Cars and platforms with enemy equipment and military equipment were burning.

Aviation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet carried out bombing and assault attacks on enemy ships in the Narva Bay and Lake Peipsi. Two patrol ships, three minesweepers, two patrol boats, three self-propelled landing barges and two German boats were sunk. // .

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("Red Star", USSR)
("Red Star", USSR)**
* ("Red Star", USSR)**
("Red Star", USSR)

Historical Slavuta evokes sadness for lost architectural objects and mournful memory of the events that happened here. In 1941 - 1943, during the German occupation, the Groslazaret 301 concentration camp was located in Slavuta, and the year 1917 was remembered in the memory of the people of Slavuta for the brutal murder of the last prince Sangushko - 85-year-old Roman Vladislavovich. And, walking through the park, founded in the 18th century by the famous landscape designer Dionysius Mikler, it is worth paying tribute to the memory of these last true princes of Ukraine. At the beginning of the twentieth century, when merchants and industrialists were already ruling the roost, the princes quite successfully raised the capitalist economy in Slavuta.

The road from the pond to the park of the estate of the Sangushko princes is, in fact, a quite nice boulevard. Nowadays it is called Mira Street, judging by the sign at the brewery, although at the beginning there is a monument to Lenin. I think a lot of Slavutsk residents will support me that there should be a monument to the last Sangushko in this place

Slavuta was first mentioned in 1619, and as a city - in 1633, when Magdeburg Law was granted. In 1709 the city came into the possession of Prince Józef Karl Lubomirski. Subsequently, his daughter Marianna Lubomirska contributed to Slavuta as a dowry when she married Prince Pavel Karl Sangushka. The city remained in the ownership of the Sangushko family until the Bolshevik occupation.

It's cloudy and lightly raining, which somewhat enhances the feeling of being lost in time.

They brew "Prince Sangushko" beer here, which is very good.

3-D creative

In 1872 the Kiev-Brest Railway was laid - and away we go! Most of the city's enterprises were founded by the princes: a brewery, a cloth factory... Of the industries opened during the USSR, it is worth mentioning the Lotos chemical plant - was it not here that the washing powder of the same name was produced?

The church appears to be ancient

End of the boulevard. Compact and cozy

Entrance to the park

Not a word about Dionysius

Park sculpture from the times of the USSR. How then was the plot of a mother and child often used?

There is also a stadium here, quite well equipped.

Summer stage

The 1898 guidebook reports that “in Slavuta, the palazzo or palace of the Sangushek princes, converted at the end of the 18th century from an old palace, deserves attention; it is on an open hill.” Wiki about the palace

The park directorate is located in this strange building on the hill above the park. A little further there used to be the Sangushko Palace

One can guess why in 1922 the Soviet authorities issued an order to dismantle the palace, but it seems to me that this is clearly connected with the tragic story of the death of the last Prince Sangushko. As an attempt to somehow hide the outrages of his political comrades.

On November 1, 1917, Roman Vladislavovich, the last prince of Sangushko - captain of the cavalry guard, bachelor of psychology - was brutally killed by revolutionary-minded soldiers of the 264th infantry regiment of the Russian army, stationed in Slavuta.

First, revolutionary soldiers surrounded the Sangushka palace and demanded to hand over the officers who had previously guarded the estate. The prince invited several delegates to enter and inspect the palace - there were no officers in it. Instead, a huge crowd of brutal proletarians burst into the building and destroyed everything around for several hours. To top it off, the palace was set on fire, and Roman Vladislavovich was dragged out into the street, where he was beaten with bayonets and rifle butts. The body of the deceased 85-year-old man was later found to have 31 puncture wounds, many of which were fatal.

It is worth noting that Roman Vladislavovich was a childless man, and he mainly invested money in the development of his hometown. Three days after the murder of the last prince, Sangushko buried the entire city. Subsequently, four leaders of the revolutionary beast were convicted of looting and sent to hard labor...

The past holiday of the Great Victory in Ukraine this year is, in fact, no longer a holiday. The well-intentioned part of society is invited to celebrate May 8 (European style!), some incomprehensible day of memory and reconciliation, and leave May 9 to “Vata” and “Colorados”.

I won’t say how it is in other states that arose after the collapse of the USSR, in those whose land the fascist occupier never set foot on, where there were no concentration camps and execution pits, whose natives died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War in much smaller numbers... But in Ukraine , which was COMPLETELY subjected to fascist occupation and suffered colossal human and material losses during the Great Patriotic War, such actions are nothing short of madness.

By publishing a small series of materials dedicated to fascist atrocities specifically in Ukraine, we do not expect to appeal to the voice of reason of those in whom this reason has long since died, having been completely replaced by Svidomo and Russophobia. We simply want to remind the truth to those who are still able to perceive it.

We would like to remind you WHAT our heroic grandfathers and great-grandfathers liberated Ukraine from. WHO were they fighting against? Whose descendants are Ukrainians being asked to “reconcile” with today? And... the successors of WHAT deeds and ideas are those who now feel more than comfortable in this country - the new Ukrainian “Nazis”...

Just read it. Just think...

In the winter of 1944, the war rolled towards the West... Liberating one after another the settlements of Ukraine, the soldiers of the victorious Red Army were faced with more and more evidence of the monstrous atrocities committed by the Nazis on Ukrainian soil...

When on January 15, 1944, units of the 226th Infantry Division of the Red Army entered the city of Slavuta (then Kamenets-Podolsk, and now Khmelnitsky region), excited local residents almost immediately ran up to them. They informed the liberators that nearby, near the river, in the former Budyonnovsky barracks, there was a concentration camp “Gross-Lazaret” for sick and wounded Soviet prisoners of war. The approaching division soldiers found mountains of corpses there; many dead bodies doused in carbolic acid lay on the ground. In the barracks there were 525 exhausted prisoners of war, whom the Germans did not have time to shoot before leaving Slavuta... This is how the tragedy of Stalag 301/Z was revealed to the world, which later became one of the points of consideration at the Nuremberg trials. We bring to your attention his materials:

The extermination of Soviet prisoners of war by the Nazis in the Gross Infirmary of Slavuta in the Kamenets-Podolsk region

Under the chairmanship of N.S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR, a special investigative commission investigated the situation and circumstances of the killing by the Nazis in the Slavuta infirmary of officers and soldiers of the Red Army who were captured by Germans. The commission checked the material of the interrogation carried out by the senior justice adviser of the Prosecutor's Office of the Ukrainian SSR L.G. Maltsev, with the participation of representatives of the Extraordinary State Commission B.T. Gottsev. and Kononov V.A., and data from the analysis of forensic experts: the chief forensic expert of the People's Commissariat of Health of the Ukrainian SSR, Professor Doctor of Medical Sciences Sapozhnikov Yu.S., Head of the Pathomorphological Sector of the Moscow Central Neurosurgical Institute, Professor Doctor of Medical Sciences Smirnov L.I. and Director of the Kharkov Research Institute of Forensic Science of the People's Commissariat of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR, Professor N.N. Bokarius.

Based on these materials, the Extraordinary State Commission established:

In the fall of 1941, the Nazi invaders occupied the city of Slavuta and organized an “infirmary” for wounded and sick officers and soldiers of the Red Army, calling it: “Gross infirmary Slavuta, camp 301.” The “infirmary” was located one and a half to two kilometers southeast of Slavuta and occupied ten three-story stone building blocks. The Nazis surrounded all the buildings with a dense network of wire fences. Along the barriers, every 10 meters, towers were built, on which there were machine guns, searchlights and guards.

The administration, German doctors and the guards of the “Gross Infirmary” in the person of Commandant Hauptmann Planck, then Major Pavlisk, who replaced him, Deputy Commandant Hauptmann Kronsdorfer, Hauptmann Noe, Stabsarts Dr. Borbe, his deputy Dr. Sturm, Oberfeldwebel Ilsemann and Feldwebel Becker - carried out a massive extermination of Soviet prisoners of war by creating a special regime of hunger, overcrowding and unsanitary conditions, using torture and outright murder, depriving the sick and wounded of treatment and forcing extremely malnourished people to hard labor.

German "Gross-infirmary Slavuta" - death infirmary

In the Gross Infirmary, the German authorities concentrated seriously and lightly wounded Soviet prisoners of war, as well as those suffering from various infectious and non-infectious diseases. New batches of wounded and sick Soviet prisoners of war were continuously sent here to replace the dead. Along the way, prisoners of war were tortured, starved and killed. From each train arriving at the “infirmary”, the Nazis threw out hundreds of corpses. The driver of the water tower located on the territory of the former military camp, Danilyuk A.I. reported to the Investigative Commission that he saw how “20-25 corpses were thrown out of each carriage of the arriving train and up to 800-900 corpses remained on the railway line.”

German doctors deliberately spread infectious diseases in the “infirmary”

In the Gross Infirmary, German doctors artificially created incredible crowding. The prisoners of war were forced to stand, huddled closely together, exhausted from fatigue and exhaustion, fell and died. The Nazis used various methods of “densifying” the “infirmary”. Former prisoner of war Khuazhev I.Ya. reported that the Germans “closed the rooms with machine gun fire, and people involuntarily pressed themselves closely against each other; Then the Nazis pushed the sick and wounded in here and closed the doors.”

German doctors and the guards of the Gross Infirmary starved to death Soviet prisoners of war

The daily food ration of Soviet prisoners of war consisted of 250 grams of ersatz bread and 2 liters of so-called “gruel”. Ersatz bread was baked from special flour sent from Germany. In one of the “infirmary” warehouses, about 15 tons of this flour were found, stored in 40-kilogram paper bags with factory labels “Spelzmel”. Forensic medical and chemical examination, as well as an analysis carried out by the Institute of Nutrition of the People's Commissariat of Health of the USSR on June 21, 1944, established “that “flour” is chaff with an insignificant admixture of starch (1.7 percent). The presence of starch indicates the content of an insignificant amount of flour in the mass under study, apparently formed from grains accidentally falling into the straw during threshing. Eating “bread” made from this flour entailed starvation, nutritional dystrophy, in its cachectic and edematous (hunger edema) forms, and contributed to the spread of severe gastrointestinal diseases among Soviet prisoners of war, usually ending in death.”

“Balanda”, made from buckwheat and millet husks, unpeeled and half-rotten potatoes, all kinds of garbage, mixed with earth, and glass fragments, also had a detrimental effect on the body. Often food was prepared from carrion, collected by order of the commandant in the vicinity of the “infirmary”.

According to the statement of former prisoners of war Inozemtsev I.P., Chigrin E.I. and Zhdanov P.N., in the Gross Infirmary there were periodic outbreaks of diseases of an unknown nature, called “paracholera” by German doctors. The disease “paracholera” was the fruit of barbaric experiments by German doctors. Both these epidemics arose and ended suddenly. The outcome of paracholera was fatal in 60-80 percent of cases. The corpses of some of those who died from these diseases were opened by German doctors, and Russian prisoners of war doctors were not allowed to perform autopsies.

Despite the fact that the Slavuta camp was officially called the “Gross Infirmary” and had a significant number of medical personnel on its staff, sick and wounded officers and soldiers of the Red Army did not receive the most basic medical care. Medicines for the sick and wounded were not provided. The wounds were not subjected to surgical treatment and were not bandaged. Wounded limbs with bone damage were not immobilized. Even the seriously ill were not provided with care. Former prisoner of war nurse Molchanova P.A. reported that “the sick and wounded in large numbers, concentrated in the room next to us, behind a plank partition, did not receive any medical care. Day and night, a continuous plea for help was heard from their room, a request to be given at least a drop of water. A heavy stench from festering and neglected wounds penetrated through the cracks between the boards.”

Soviet prisoners of war in the Gross Infirmary were subjected to torture and torture, beaten when distributing food and when being taken to work. The fascist executioners did not spare even the dying. During the exhumation of the corpses, a forensic medical examination discovered, among other corpses, a prisoner of war who, in an agonal state, had been stabbed with a knife in the groin area. With a knife sticking into the wound, he was thrown into the grave and covered with earth while still alive.

One of the types of mass torture in the “infirmary” was the confinement of the sick and wounded in a punishment cell, which was a cold room with a cement floor. Those imprisoned in the punishment cell were deprived of food for several days, and many died there. In order to further exhaust the sick and weak people, the Nazis forced them to run around the “infirmary” buildings, and those who could not run were beaten half to death.

There were frequent cases of prisoners of war being killed by German guards for fun. Former prisoner of war Bukhtiychuk D.P. reported how the Germans threw the entrails of fallen horses onto the wire fences and, when prisoners of war, distraught with hunger, ran up to the fences, the guards opened fire on them from machine guns. Witness Kirsanov L.S. I saw how one of the prisoners of war was bayoneted for picking up a potato tuber from the ground. Former prisoner of war Shatalov A.T. “I witnessed how a guard shot a prisoner of war who was trying to get a second helping of gruel.” In February 1942, he “saw how a sentry wounded one of the prisoners who was looking in a garbage pit for scraps left in the German staff kitchen; the wounded man was immediately taken to the pit, undressed and shot.”

The wounded and sick prisoners of war, despite the extreme degree of exhaustion and severe weakness, were forced by the Nazis to perform backbreaking physical labor. Heavy loads were carried on prisoners of war, and the corpses of murdered Soviet people were transported. The guards killed exhausted and falling prisoners of war on the spot. The path to and from work, according to the statement of the priest of the city Slavuta Milevsky, is marked, like milestones, by small grave mounds.

Based on the discovery in the deep respiratory tracts of four corpses of prisoners of war, down to the smallest bronchi, “a large number of grains of sand that could have gotten so deep only during the respiratory movements covered with sand,” a forensic medical examination established that in the “Gross Infirmary” the commandant’s office guards with with the knowledge of German doctors, she buried Soviet people alive.

German executioners shot civilians for helping Soviet prisoners of war

Despite the strictest security and unbridled repression, Soviet prisoners of war made individual and group escapes from the “infirmary”, finding shelter among the local population of Slavuta and surrounding settlements. In this regard, on January 15, 1942, the Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, whose district included the city of Slavuta, issued a special order to warn the population that “for providing assistance to “outsiders”, i.e. escaped prisoners of war, any assistance provided to those responsible will be shot. If the direct culprits are not found, then in each case 10 hostages will be shot.” The district government of the city of Slavuta, in turn, announced that “all prisoners of war who left the hospital without permission are declared outlaws and subject to execution in any place where they are found.”

The Nazis arrested, beat and shot the escaped and detained prisoners of war, as well as the citizens who assisted them. Priest Zhurkovsky knows the fact about the arrest and execution of 26 civilians who provided assistance to prisoners of war. Witness Frigauf Ya.A. reported that the doctor of the local hospital Makhnilov, the daughter of Doctor Vaitseshchuk, and the nurse Neonila were arrested for helping prisoners of war.

The chief of the Slavuta gendarmerie, Oberwachmeister Robert Gotovitz, and his deputy, Wachmeister Lohr, showed particular activity in reprisals against detained prisoners of war and civilians. The Nazis carried out the execution of Soviet people in the area adjacent to the water tower of the former military town from the south, near the Gross Infirmary. They chose this place in order to intimidate prisoners of war, who were unwitting witnesses to monstrous atrocities.

Consequences of the barbaric regime established in the Gross Infirmary

German executioners tried to hide traces of their crimes

The Nazi executioners tried their best to cover up the traces of their crimes. They carefully disguised the burial places of Soviet prisoners of war. This is confirmed by investigation and forensic evidence. Up to a thousand mass graves have been discovered on the territory of the former military camp alone. Eight names of those buried were written on the cross of grave No. 623. When this grave was opened, there were 32 corpses in it. The same thing was revealed during the opening of grave No. 624. In other graves, when opened, a layer of soil was discovered between the corpses lying in it. When grave No. 625 was opened, 10 corpses were removed, and two more rows of corpses were found under a layer of soil 30 cm thick. The same thing was revealed during the opening of grave No. 627 and grave No. 8. 30 corpses were recovered from the latter; many more corpses were found under a layer of soil that were buried much older.

To the answer of Hitler's executioners

The Extraordinary State Commission holds the government and military command of Nazi Germany, as well as the direct culprits, responsible for these crimes: Stabsarzt Dr. Borbe, his deputy Dr. Sturm, Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, Major Pavlisk, Hauptmann Planck, Hauptmann Noe, Hauptmann Kronsdorfer, Ober - sergeant-major Ilsemann, sergeant-major Becker, chief of the Slavuta gendarmerie, chief sergeant-major Gotovits and his deputy, sergeant-major Lor.

All of them must bear severe punishment for their monstrous bloody crimes, expressed in the deliberate extermination of Soviet prisoners of war soldiers and officers of the Red Army.

Alexander Neukropny specially for Planet Today

Based on these materials, the Extraordinary State Commission established:

German "Gross-infirmary Slavuta" - death infirmary

German doctors deliberately spread infectious diseases in the “infirmary”

In the Gross Infirmary, German doctors artificially created incredible crowding. The prisoners of war were forced to stand, huddled closely together, exhausted from fatigue and exhaustion, fell and died. The Nazis used various methods of “densifying” the “infirmary”. Former prisoner of war Khuazhev I.Ya. reported that the Germans “closed the rooms with machine gun fire, and people involuntarily pressed themselves closely against each other; Then the Nazis pushed the sick and wounded in here and closed the doors.”

German doctors and the guards of the Gross Infirmary starved to death Soviet prisoners of war

Despite the fact that the Slavuta camp was officially called the “Gross Infirmary” and had a significant number of medical personnel on its staff, sick and wounded officers and soldiers of the Red Army did not receive the most basic medical care. Medicines for the sick and wounded were not provided. The wounds were not subjected to surgical treatment and were not bandaged. Wounded limbs with bone damage were not immobilized. Even the seriously ill were not provided with care. Former prisoner of war nurse Molchanova P.A. reported that “the sick and wounded in large numbers, concentrated in the room next to us, behind a plank partition, did not receive any medical care. Day and night, a continuous plea for help was heard from their room, a request to be given at least a drop of water. A heavy stench from festering and neglected wounds penetrated through the cracks between the boards.”

Torture and execution of Soviet prisoners of war

Soviet prisoners of war in the Gross Infirmary were subjected to torture and torture, beaten when distributing food and when being taken to work. The fascist executioners did not spare even the dying. During the exhumation of the corpses, a forensic medical examination discovered, among other corpses, a prisoner of war who, in an agonal state, had been stabbed with a knife in the groin area. With a knife sticking into the wound, he was thrown into the grave and covered with earth while still alive.

There were frequent cases of prisoners of war being killed by German guards for fun. Former prisoner of war Bukhtiychuk D.P. reported how the Germans threw the entrails of fallen horses onto the wire fences and, when prisoners of war, distraught with hunger, ran up to the fences, the guards opened fire on them from machine guns. Witness Kirsanov L.S. I saw how one of the prisoners of war was bayoneted for picking up a potato tuber from the ground. Former prisoner of war Shatalov A.T. “I witnessed how a guard shot a prisoner of war who was trying to get a second helping of gruel.” In February 1942, he “saw how a sentry wounded one of the prisoners who was looking in a garbage pit for scraps left in the German staff kitchen; the wounded man was immediately taken to the pit, undressed and shot.”

Based on the discovery in the deep respiratory tracts of four corpses of prisoners of war, down to the smallest bronchi, “a large number of grains of sand that could have gotten so deep only during the respiratory movements covered with sand,” a forensic medical examination established that in the “Gross Infirmary” the commandant’s office guards with with the knowledge of German doctors, she buried Soviet people alive.

German executioners shot civilians for helping Soviet prisoners of war

Despite the strictest security and unbridled repression, Soviet prisoners of war made individual and group escapes from the “infirmary”, finding shelter among the local population of Slavuta and surrounding settlements. In this regard, on January 15, 1942, the Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, whose district included the city of Slavuta, issued a special order to warn the population that “for providing assistance to “outsiders”, i.e. escaped prisoners of war, any assistance provided to those responsible will be shot. If the direct culprits are not found, then in each case 10 hostages will be shot.” The district government of the city of Slavuta, in turn, announced that “all prisoners of war who left the hospital without permission are declared outlaws and subject to execution in any place where they are found.”

Consequences of the barbaric regime established in the Gross Infirmary

During a medical examination of 525 Soviet prisoners of war released from the Gross Infirmary in Slavuta, it was found that 435 had extreme exhaustion, 59 had complicated wounds, and 31 had a neuropsychic disorder. A forensic medical examination, based on an internal study of 112 and an external examination of 500 exhumed corpses, came to the conclusion that the administration and German doctors of the “infirmary” created a regime in which there was almost total mortality of the sick and wounded. Forensic experts consider the main cause of death of Soviet prisoners of war to be extreme exhaustion, infectious diseases, wounds from machine guns and knives. No medical institution knows such a mortality rate as was in the “infirmary”. Around the clock, prisoners of war, harnessed to carts, transported corpses to pre-prepared pits and still did not have time. Then, to speed up the “transportation,” the corpses were thrown out of the “infirmary” directly from the windows and piled up in the courtyard.
Former prisoner of war Sevryugin A.V. reported: “People around me were dying by the hundreds. Near me, 9-10 people died every day. The dead were taken away, the places were occupied by new patients, and in the morning the same picture was repeated. The colossal mortality rate reached 300 people a day.” During the two years of occupation of the city of Slavuta, with the participation of German doctors Borbe, Sturm and other medical workers, the Nazis exterminated up to 150 thousand officers and soldiers of the Red Army in the Gross Infirmary.

German executioners tried to hide traces of their crimes

The Nazi executioners tried their best to cover up the traces of their crimes. They carefully disguised the burial places of Soviet prisoners of war. This is confirmed by investigation and forensic evidence. Up to a thousand mass graves have been discovered on the territory of the former military camp alone. Eight names of those buried were written on the cross of grave No. 623. When this grave was opened, there were 32 corpses in it. The same thing was revealed during the opening of grave No. 624. In other graves, when opened, a layer of soil was discovered between the corpses lying in it. When grave No. 625 was opened, 10 corpses were removed, and two more rows of corpses were found under a layer of soil 30 cm thick. The same thing was revealed during the opening of grave No. 627 and grave No. 8. 30 corpses were recovered from the latter; many more corpses were found under a layer of soil that were buried much older.

To the answer of Hitler's executioners

The Extraordinary State Commission holds the government and military command of Nazi Germany, as well as the direct culprits, responsible for these crimes: Stabsarzt Dr. Borbe, his deputy Dr. Sturm, Shepetovsky Gebietskommissar, government adviser Dr. Worbs, Major Pavlisk, Hauptmann Planck, Hauptmann Noe, Hauptmann Kronsdorfer, Ober - sergeant-major Ilsemann, sergeant-major Becker, chief of the Slavuta gendarmerie, chief sergeant-major Gotovits and his deputy, sergeant-major Lor.

All of them must bear severe punishment for their monstrous bloody crimes, expressed in the deliberate extermination of Soviet prisoners of war soldiers and officers of the Red Army.