Approved by resolution

MUNICIPAL PROGRAM

“Improvement of settlements in Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky

Ensuring cleanliness and order, creating comfortable living conditions for the population.

Improving the system of comprehensive improvement of the municipality.

Intensification of work to modernize the street systems of populated areas.

Tasks of the municipal
programs

Modernization of outdoor lighting systems, formation of the light environment of settlements in the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye. Carrying out work to restore and replace individual worn-out elements of structures with more durable and energy-efficient ones.

Ensuring an increase in the level of external improvement and sanitary maintenance of the territory, coordinating actions for the effective and sustainable functioning of improvement facilities.

Improving the system of comprehensive improvement of the municipality, creating an effective system for regulating improvement activities.

Municipal coordinator
programs

Customer municipal
programs

Ruzsky municipal district

Implementation deadlines
municipal program

List of subroutines

“Street lighting”, “Other landscaping”, “Yard areas”

Sources of funding
municipal program
including by year:

Expenses (thousand rubles)

Budget funds
rural settlement Dorokhovskoye

Other sources

Planned results
implementation of municipal
programs

As a result of the implementation of the program, the following will be ensured:

Increasing the share of illumination of the streets of the settlement;

increasing the level of satisfaction of the population with the level of amenities; increasing the level of amenities in the territory of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye;

improving the sanitary and environmental condition of the settlement;
high-quality maintenance of territories and improvement facilities; protection of the population from negative impact stray animals;

development of infrastructure, implementation of comprehensive landscaping of courtyard areas.

General characteristics and justification for the need to implement the program

The concept for the development of the Moscow region, and settlements in particular, implies comprehensive improvement - carrying out activities aimed at creating favorable living conditions, labor activity and leisure activities for the population of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, carried out by individuals and legal entities.

In connection with pressing problems in the field of improvement, it is necessary to improve the system of improvement work. A targeted approach to solving the problems of improvement of a settlement is necessary, since without a coherent, comprehensive system of improvement of a municipality it is impossible to achieve significant results in providing comfortable conditions for the activities and recreation of residents of the settlement.

Determining the prospects for improvement of the settlement will allow for the concentration of funds to solve the assigned problems. The problem of improvement is one of the priorities, requiring systematic attention and effective solutions.

The use of a program method, including interconnected socio-economic, production, organizational, economic and other activities, will effectively ensure the implementation of program goals, increase the level of improvement and sanitary condition of the settlement territory, comfortable stay residents of the settlement.

When developing the program, the following were taken into account:

Law of the Moscow Region dated 01.01.2001 N191/2014-OZ “On improvement in the Moscow Region”,

Requirements of current regulatory legal acts of the Moscow region.

To determine the set of measures subject to programmatic decision, an analysis of the existing situation in the comprehensive improvement of the municipality was carried out. The analysis was carried out according to three indicators, based on the results of which the goals, objectives and directions of activity in the implementation of the program were formulated.

2. Duration of the program

The program is expected to be implemented during 2017.

3.Characteristics of events

The characteristics of the activities are given in the lists of activities of the Program subprograms. Activities are grouped in accordance with the objectives of the Program by sector of activity

Subroutines

Passport of the subprogram “Street lighting”

Subroutine name	"Street lighting"
Purpose of the subroutine	Creating safe and favorable living conditions for citizens. Ensuring illumination of the streets of populated areas, improving the architectural appearance of populated areas at night.
Customer of the subroutine	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Subroutine tasks	1.Saving electricity. 2. Reducing electricity losses in outdoor lighting networks. 3. Ensuring road safety at night. 4. Bringing street lighting into compliance with the requirements for the level of outdoor lighting in public places.
Timing for implementation of the subprogram
Sources financing subroutines for years of implementation and main stewards budget funds, including on years:	Name subroutines	Main manager budget funds	Source financing	Expenses (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rubles)
	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye	Total: including:
Settlements budget funds
Extrabudgetary sources
Planned results implementation of the subprogram	Providing more comfortable living conditions for the population, improving street lighting in the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye by 6%

Passport of the subprogram “Other improvement”

Subroutine name	"Other landscaping"
Purpose of the subroutine	1.Creation of comfortable living conditions for the population on the territory of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye. 2.Improving the aesthetic appearance of territories. 3.Improving the sanitary and environmental conditions of the settlement. 4. Protection of the population from the adverse effects of stray animals. 5. Carrying out a set of measures to destroy Sosnovsky's hogweed on the territory of the settlement.
Customer of the subroutine	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Subroutine tasks	Creating comfortable living conditions for the population in the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye.
Timing for implementation of the subprogram
Sources financing subroutines for years of implementation and main stewards budget funds, including on years:	Name subroutines	Main manager budget funds	Source financing	Expenses (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rubles)
	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye	Total: including:
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye
Settlements budget funds
Extrabudgetary sources
Planned results implementation of the subprogram	Improving the external appearance of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, improving the environmental situation, ensuring cleanliness and order in the settlement by 15%

Passport of the subprogram “Yard territories”

Subroutine name	"Yard territories"
Purpose of the subroutine	Improving the system of comprehensive landscaping of courtyard areas, improving the aesthetic appearance of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, increasing the overall level of livability of the settlement, creating comfortable living conditions.
Customer of the subroutine	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Subroutine tasks	1.Organization of parking spaces in courtyard areas. 2.Increasing the level of improvement of courtyard areas.
Timing for implementation of the subprogram
Sources financing subroutines for years of implementation and main stewards budget funds, including on years:	Name subroutines	Main manager budget funds	Source financing	Expenses (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rubles)
Subprogram “Yard areas”	Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye	Total: including:
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye
Settlements budget funds
Extrabudgetary sources
Planned results implementation of the subprogram	Creating a comfortable living environment for the population, improving the external appearance of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye in connection with the implementation of measures for the comprehensive improvement of courtyard areas by 10%.

4.Main goals and objectives of the Program

Achieving this goal is ensured by solving the following tasks:

Intensification of work to modernize the external lighting systems of the streets of populated areas;

Increasing the level of external improvement and sanitary maintenance of the municipality;

Ensuring cleanliness and order, creating comfortable living conditions for the population.

Improving the system of comprehensive improvement of the municipality.

5. Financial support of the Program

The total amount of financing is 9169.40 thousand rubles. - funds from the budget of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district.

6. Planned results of the implementation of Program activities

The implementation of the Program activities involves achieving the following results:

Development of positive trends in creating a favorable living environment;

Increasing the degree of satisfaction of the population with the level of improvement;

Improving the technical condition of individual improvement facilities;

Improving the sanitary and environmental condition of the settlement;

Development of infrastructure, fulfillment of the target for the comprehensive improvement of courtyard areas.

PLANNED IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS

MUNICIPAL PROGRAM OF THE RURAL SETTLEMENT OF DOROKHOVSKOE

“Improvement of populated areas in the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district, Moscow region for 2017”

	Tasks, directed to achieve goals	Planned amount of funding for the solution of this task (thousand rubles)	Quantitative and qualitative target indicators characterizing the achievement of goals and solution of problems	Unit of measurement	The planned value of the indicator for years of implementation
	other sources
Subprogram “Street lighting”
				Indicator 1: Bringing street lighting in accordance with regulatory requirements
Subprogram “Other improvement”
	Task 2: Creating conditions for the exercise of powers of local governments			Indicator 2: ensuring cleanliness and order in the territory of settlements	Percentage compared to previous year
Subprogram "Yard areas"
	Task 3: Creating conditions for the exercise of powers of local governments			Indicator 3: implementation of measures for the comprehensive improvement of courtyard areas of settlements	Percentage compared to previous year

7. Program implementation mechanism

The implementation of activities is carried out in accordance with this Program, concluded agreements, and municipal contracts.

JUSTIFICATION OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES NECESSARY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF SUBPROGRAM EVENTS

Event name subroutines	Source financing	Calculation of necessary financial resources for implementation events	Total financial resources needed for the implementation of the event, including by year (2017)	Operational expenses arising in result of implementation events
Subprogram 1 “Street lighting”	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	The volume of financial support is calculated for the purchase of goods, expenses for maintaining property necessary for carrying out activities
Event 1 street lighting modernization	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	based on concluded agreements
Subprogram 2 “Other improvement”	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	The volume of financial support is calculated on the basis of concluded contracts for the purchase of goods and the costs of maintaining property necessary for carrying out activities
Event 2 Maintaining cleanliness and order in the territory of settlements	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	based on concluded agreements
Subroutine 3 "Yard areas"	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	The amount of financial support is calculated on the basis of concluded contracts for the implementation of costs for the implementation of activities
Event 3 Comprehensive landscaping of courtyard areas	budget of the rural settlement Dorokhovskoye	based on concluded contracts

"Street lighting"

	Events By implementation subroutines	Scroll standard procedures, providing execution events, with indicating limit their timing execution	Sources financing	Term execution events	Volume financing events in current financial year (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rub.)	Responsible for execution events subroutines	Execution results subprogram activities
	Task 1: Creating conditions for the exercise of powers of local governments	Payment for consumed electricity of lamps street lighting					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye			Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Monthly payments for payment of electricity consumed by street lighting fixtures
Settlements budget funds
	Event 1	Organization of street lighting					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Monthly payments for payment of electricity consumed by street lighting fixtures
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye				Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Monthly payments for payment of electricity consumed by street lighting fixtures
Settlements budget funds
Total for the subprogram: 5,695.0	Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye
Settlements budget funds

LIST OF SUBPROGRAM EVENTS

"Other landscaping"

	Events By implementation subroutines	Scroll standard procedures, providing execution events, with indicating limit their timing execution	Sources financing	Term execution events	Volume financing events in current financial year (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rub.)	Responsible for execution events subroutines	Execution results subprogram activities
	Task 1: Creating conditions for the exercise of powers of local governments	Increasing the level of comfort and sanitary maintenance of the municipality					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye			Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	5 settlements processed (85,000 m2)
Settlements budget funds
	Event 1	Phytosanitary treatment of hogweed					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	5 settlements processed (85,000 m2)
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye				Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	5 settlements processed (85,000 m2)
Settlements budget funds
	Event 2	Regulating the number of stray animals					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	27 heads caught
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye				Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	27 heads caught
Settlements budget funds
	Event 3	purchasing “covers” for wells					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	10 “caps” purchased
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye				Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district
Settlements budget funds			Settlements budget funds
	Event 4	Removal of garbage from the territory of the settlement					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	108.0 m3 exported
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye				Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	108.0 m3 exported
Settlements budget funds
Total for the subprogram:	Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye
Settlements budget funds

LIST OF SUBPROGRAM EVENTS

"Yard areas"

	Events By implementation subroutines	Scroll standard procedures, providing execution events, with indicating limit their timing execution	Sources financing	Term execution events	Volume financing events in current financial year (thousand rubles)	Total (thousand rub.)	Responsible for execution events subroutines	Execution results subprogram activities
	Task 1: Creating conditions for the exercise of powers of local governments	Infrastructure development, fulfillment of the target for comprehensive improvement of courtyard areas					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Work in progress
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye			Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Work in progress
Settlements budget funds
Total for the subprogram: 2994.8
	Event 1	Repair of courtyard areas					Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Work in progress
Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye			Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district	Work in progress
Settlements budget funds
Total for the subprogram: 2994.8	Federal budget funds
Budget funds of the Moscow region
Extrabudgetary sources
Budget funds for the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye
Settlements budget funds

8. Program implementers

The executor of the program is the Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district, Moscow region.

9. Coordination of program implementation.

Control over the implementation of the program is carried out by the Administration of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye, Ruzsky municipal district, Moscow region.

Improvement of populated areas

a set of works and activities carried out to create healthy, comfortable and cultural living conditions for the population in cities, urban-type settlements, rural settlements, resorts and places of public recreation. B. n. m. covers some of the issues united by the concept of “urban planning”, and characterizes, first of all, the level of engineering equipment of the territory of populated areas, the sanitary and hygienic condition of their air basins (See Air basin) , reservoirs and soil. B. n. m. includes work on engineering preparation (See Engineering preparation) of the territory; road construction; development of urban transport; construction of head structures and laying of utility networks for water supply, sewerage, energy supply, etc.; individual measures for landscaping, improving the microclimate, improving the health and protection of air, open water bodies and soil from pollution, sanitary cleaning, reducing urban noise levels, reducing the possibility of street injuries, etc.

Pre-revolutionary Russia had an extremely low level of biological science. m. For example, in terms of water supply, it occupied one of the last places in Europe, sewerage systems were available in only 18 cities, and there were no central heating systems at all. During the years of Soviet power, great successes have been achieved in the field of biosciences. m. The state allocates significant capital investments for this purpose. High degree of B. science. m. is due to their rational planning, the integrated organization of industrial and residential areas, the system of city and district centers that define networks of public and cultural institutions and create the most favorable conditions for work, life, social activities and recreation of the population (see Urban planning). Big role in B. N. m. belongs to public utilities (See Public utilities) , which ensures the uninterrupted operation of utility networks and enterprises (city boiler houses, thermal power plants, gas substations, gas plants, waste processing plants, etc.), urban transport, public utility institutions (baths, laundries, consumer service plants, etc.), carries out the most appropriate operation of residential and public buildings, sports facilities, parks, etc.

In the Soviet Union, improvement activities are determined by master plans for urban development (See Master Plan). For new cities and newly created residential areas of old cities, the choice of territory that meets the basic urban planning requirements is of particular importance. Solving problems of B. n. m. is significantly facilitated if the selected territory contains forests and reservoirs preserved for the construction of parks and recreation areas, there are no wetlands, ravines, landslides, etc. Unfavorable terrain features can be eliminated by methods of engineering preparation of the territory, including the installation of drainages, embankment, backfilling and soil alluvium, vertical layout, drainage of surface atmospheric water, etc. During the reconstruction of cities (See City reconstruction), the work on their improvement includes: strengthening the banks of urban reservoirs (see Bank protection structures) , construction of embankments ( rice. 1 ), traffic junctions and tunnels ( rice. 2 , 3 ), improved road surfaces (rice. 4 ), laying underground communications ( rice. 5 ), etc.

To improve the environment, it is planned to gradually remove industrial enterprises that emit harmful emissions from residential areas, as well as change their technological processes, seal equipment and introduce effective neutralization devices; Thermal power plants and boiler houses are being converted from polyash fuel to gas, high, effectively dissipating chimneys etc. Newly built industrial enterprises, railways. stations and units, thermal power plants are located at distances determined by current sanitary standards, their construction is carried out according to technological schemes, ensuring the maximum degree of waste recycling to prevent pollution of the atmospheric air with harmful impurities and water bodies with untreated wastewater. Of great importance for industrial areas are the landscaping of the territory of industrial enterprises, the organization of safe, convenient and high-speed transport from place of residence to place of work, the creation of a parking system for public and individual transport, etc. Examples of a high culture of improvement of places of work are the territories of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station named after V.I. Lenin ( rice. 6 ), the Volzhskaya Hydroelectric Power Station named after the 22nd Congress of the CPSU, the Likhachev and Kalibr plants in Moscow, the metallurgical plant in Rustavi, the Zaporizhstal plant and many others. etc.

In residential areas, the territories of Microdistrict ov are being comprehensively improved , where, along with the construction of buildings for cultural and social purposes, landscaping is carried out, pedestrian paths, car passages are laid, playgrounds and sports grounds are arranged ( rice. 7 , 8 ). A successful example of comprehensive planning, development and improvement is the new residential area Žirmunai in Vilnius. Much attention is paid to the improvement of citywide (township, rural) and other public centers. With the increase in the intensity of urban traffic, the scale of work to improve streets, improve the surfaces and cross-section of city roads, construct underground passages for pedestrians, and illuminate streets, squares, embankments, gardens, parks, and public gardens throughout the entire populated area increases.

Great importance for B. science. m. has municipal energy, including district heating, electricity and gas supply. The rational organization of district heating, electrical and gas networks, communal boiler houses, electrical substations, and city gas plants is one of the significant factors in increasing the level of biotechnology. m. and improving their sanitary condition. Promising direction in B. N. m. - use of electricity for heating and cooking. In populated areas located in the hot climatic regions of the USSR, centralized heat, cold and electricity supplies are being introduced, as well as air conditioning in public and residential buildings.

An important part of improvement is sanitary cleaning of populated areas (collection of garbage and waste, their recycling and destruction, maintaining cleanliness in urban areas, rational use fleet of municipal vehicles (See Municipal vehicles)).

One of the significant issues of Soviet urban planning, the solution of which is closely related to increasing the level of economic development. m., - landscaping of cities and towns. The system of green spaces, along with its architectural and artistic significance, contributes to the improvement of the living conditions of the population (improves the microclimate of a populated area, reduces the level of urban noise, performs windproof and snowproof functions, and is one of the most important factors in soil protection). The role of green spaces is especially important in the improvement of resort cities and areas (for example, the resort cities of Sochi, Kislovodsk, etc.). Outside the city limits, suburban and green zones are being improved (see Suburban zone), which serve for the expansion of cities, the organization of places for mass recreation of the population, and the construction of structures related to the agricultural sector. m. (water intakes, electrical substations, power lines, water and sewerage treatment facilities), as well as for the placement of green spaces that perform protective and sanitary functions.

Improvement of rural settlements includes electrification, Men at work, construction of a water distribution network, landscaping, sanitary cleaning, etc., primarily in the central villages of state and collective farms, which are gradually being transformed into enlarged urban-type settlements.

Foreign urban planning practice is characterized by an extremely uneven degree of improvement of individual cities and populated areas. In the USA, for example, there are many achievements in the improvement of city roads, parking lots, national parks, recreation areas, etc.; At the same time, in some large cities (New York, etc.), the problems of improving the air quality, necessary lighting, etc. remain unresolved. In many cities of capitalist countries, along with well-maintained areas, there are often entire slum blocks, deprived of basic amenities - evidence of deep contradictions of capitalist cities, the source of which is private ownership of land and means of production.

In the USSR, modern requirements for the development of populated areas determine the increasingly large scale of their improvement. The CPSU Program states: “In the coming period, a broad program of communal construction and improvement of all cities and workers’ settlements will be implemented, which will require the completion of their electrification, gasification to the required extent, telephone installation, provision of public transport, water supply and sewerage, and a system of measures to further improve conditions life in cities and other populated areas, including their landscaping, water supply, and a decisive fight against air, soil and water pollution” (1965, p. 94).

Lit.: Fundamentals of Soviet urban planning, vol. 1-4, M., 1966-69; Stramentov A.E., Butyagin V.A., Planning and improvement of cities, 2nd ed., M., 1962; Abramov N.N., Vodosnabzhenie, M., 1967; Issues of electrification of industry and everyday life, M., 1964; Nayfeld L. P., Tarasov N. A., Development of inconvenient lands for urban development, M., 1968; Bakutis V. E., Sanitary improvement of cities, M., 1956; Small forms in urban development and improvement, M., 1964.

I. M. Smolyar.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

See what “Improvement of populated areas” is in other dictionaries:

A set of works and activities in order to create healthy, comfortable and aesthetically meaningful living conditions for the population in cities and mountain villages. like, sat down. population places, resorts and places of public recreation. B. n. m., which is a component... ... Big Encyclopedic Polytechnic Dictionary

A set of measures to create healthy, comfortable and cultural living conditions for the population in populated areas (Bulgarian language; Български) improvement of the population of the place (Czech language; Čeština) technické vybavení sídel (German... ... Construction dictionary

1) a set of works on the creation and use of green spaces in populated areas; 2) a system of green spaces in settlements. Green spaces among buildings help improve the microclimate and sanitary... ...

A set of organizational and technical measures for the collection, transportation and disposal of waste generated in populated areas. It also includes summer and winter cleaning of streets, squares and courtyards. Garbage... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (planning and development of rural settlements) in the USSR, a set of measures for the reconstruction of existing villages and hamlets and the construction of new enlarged rural settlements (See Rural settlements) in a single system with cities... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Includes providing the population with benign cold and hot water(see Water supply), liquid waste removal (see Sanitation, Sewerage), solid waste removal, heat supply, energy supply, engineering preparation of the territory,... ... Medical encyclopedia

planning of rural settlements- planning of rural settlements, arrangement (or reorganization) of rural settlements, including the organization of their territory, placement of buildings, structures, plots and landscaping on it. P.S. n. items are produced according to projects... ... Agriculture. Large encyclopedic dictionary

PLANNING OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS- arrangement (or reconstruction) of villages. populated areas, including the organization of their territory, the placement of buildings, structures, plots and landscaping on it. P.S. n. items are produced according to projects developed by specialists. project organizations based on... ... Agricultural encyclopedic dictionary

IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN AREAS- IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN AREAS. Contents: I. Historical data. Sanit. meaning. . . 493 II. Elements and techniques of urban improvement and their development........ 497 III. Economics and legislation...... 5 09 IV. Improvement of villages... Great Medical Encyclopedia

improvement- A set of works (on engineering preparation of the territory, construction of roads, development of communication networks and water supply, sewerage, energy supply, etc.) and measures (on clearing, draining and landscaping of the territory, improvement... ... Technical Translator's Guide

IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN AREAS AS AN OBJECT OF SUPERVISION

Yu.I. NAUMOVA, M.G. IBRAGIMOV

Local government in Russian Federation is a form of exercise by the people of their power, independent and under their own responsibility, the population resolves issues of local importance based on their interests and taking into account historical and local traditions. One of the most important issues for settlements, municipal districts and urban districts is the organization of improvement of their territories.
Issues of local importance involve directly supporting the livelihoods of the population of the municipality. The range of these issues is exhaustively defined in Art. Art. 14, 15, 16 Federal Law of October 6, 2003 “On general principles organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation." One of them is the organization of improvement of the territories of municipalities. This is an important area of ​​rule-making, directly related to the convenient and comfortable life of people, regulating the issues of maintenance and cleaning of territories, places of mass stay of citizens, ensuring cleanliness and order within the borders settlements, by definition, require clear and precise regulatory regulation on the part of municipalities.
Article 21 of the Law on the Prosecutor's Office and clause 2.2 of the Order of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation dated October 2, 2007 N 155, when exercising prosecutorial supervision, is required to immediately respond to all facts of the adoption of normative legal acts that contradict federal legislation, by applying measures of prosecutorial influence.
As part of the implementation of the noted requirements, the Tatar environmental interdistrict prosecutor's office in the first quarter of 2010 checked the legality and validity of the Rules for the improvement of municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan (hereinafter referred to as the Rules). As a result, numerous violations of current legislation were revealed.
The most significant violations during the publication of the Rules were: regulation of issues not within the competence of local government bodies, unjustified interference in the intra-economic activities of individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, including in terms of conducting inspections of business entities.
Thus, the Rules of eight municipalities (Aznakaevo, Almetyevsk, Leninogorsk, etc.) contained a ban on the unauthorized demolition and rearrangement of trade kiosks, pavilions, garages and other household facilities. Citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities were given unreasonable responsibilities for the maintenance and cleaning of territories outside the land plots owned by them by right of ownership or other use, street lighting facilities, trash cans, signs, etc. It even went so far as to prohibit driving around the city in polluted vehicles.
Thus, the requirements of Art. Art. 209 and 210 of the Civil Code, on the basis of which the owner has the right to perform any actions in relation to his property at his own discretion, with the exception of those that contradict the law and violate the rights and legally protected interests of other persons. In this case, the burden of maintaining the territory, which is in municipal ownership, must be borne by the owner. Moreover, funds from the local budget are specially allocated for the maintenance of municipal property.
In violation of paragraph 1 of Art. 421 of the Civil Code, which guarantees the freedom to conclude a contract, the Rules for the Improvement of the City of Elabuga contained a provision imposing obligations on the heads of business entities to conclude contracts for the removal of solid household waste no later than two months before the beginning of the year. In the same Rules, in violation of Art. 10 Federal Law of December 26, 2008 “On the protection of the rights of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in the exercise of state control (supervision) and municipal control”, unreasonably established additional grounds for conducting unscheduled inspections of business entities; there was no provision on the need to coordinate such inspections with prosecution authorities.
Clause 3.3 of the Rules of the Polyansky rural settlement of the Rybno-Slobodsky municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan provided for the shooting of dogs on the streets and in public places of the rural settlement, although Art. 20.13 Code of Administrative Offenses generally prohibits firing weapons in populated areas.
In addition, almost all Rules established corruption factors. The documents were replete with such wording as “in accordance with the requirements”, “without approval in the prescribed manner”, “without agreement with the authorized body”, “without obtaining the appropriate permit”, etc. Such ambiguity of the required procedures and approvals created a wide margin of discretion for the law enforcement officer, which, in turn, could lead to corruption. This was most widespread in the Rules of the city. Almetyevsk, Leninogorsk, Aznakaevo, as well as the Vysokogorsk municipal region.
In some cases, there were gross stylistic inaccuracies. Sometimes there were errors in the numbering of paragraphs and subparagraphs. In some regulatory documents stylistic inaccuracies made it difficult, and sometimes even impossible, to understand the meaning of the sentences being formulated.
In total, based on the results of the inspection by the environmental prosecutor's office, 12 protests were submitted to the representative bodies of municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan, which were satisfied in full. In some cases, when violations of the law were of the most widespread nature, the consideration of protests was carried out with the participation of the prosecutor.
The scope of landscaping, among other things, includes the placement of snow dumps in winter. With the onset of cold weather, the prosecutor's office always receives requests from citizens regarding the legality of placing snow dumps. Sometimes, poor coordination by municipal authorities of the locations of snow dumps leads to unpredictable consequences, and in some cases to the creation of emergency situations that can pose a threat to people’s lives and health.
One of such appeals was received by the Tatar environmental interdistrict prosecutor's office from residents of the village of Salmachi, Kazan. Citizens complained of a violation of Art. 42 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the right to favorable environment, expressed in the systematic (more than four years) flooding of their houses during the spring melting of snow. The situation was further complicated by the fact that the village is located in a low-lying area, and the snow dump is located on a hill. In some cases, it even came to floating sofas, beds and other household items.
In the course of studying the legality of placing a snow dump, it was found that it was operated in violation of legal requirements. The placement of snow dumps is regulated by the Rules for the improvement of the city of Kazan, approved by the decision of the Kazan City Duma of October 18, 2006 N 4-12, in accordance with clause 3.4.14 of which the locations of snow dumps are determined by the authorized body and agreed upon with the Central Territorial Administration of the Ministry of Ecology and natural resources of the Republic of Tatarstan, Territorial Administration of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Tatarstan. A similar provision is contained in clause 4.11 of SanPiN 42-128-4690-88 (sanitary rules for the maintenance of territories of populated areas). In this case, snow dumps must be equipped with access roads, lighting, utility rooms and fencing.
Article 1 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation names as one of the principles of land use the priority of protecting human life and health, according to which, when carrying out activities for the use and protection of land, decisions must be made and activities carried out that would ensure the preservation of human life or prevent negative consequences ( harmful) effects on human health, even if this requires great expense.
The requirements of sanitary and epidemiological legislation regarding the need to coordinate the locations of snow dumps were grossly violated by the operating organization of the snow dump in the village of Salmachi - LLC Ainur and Co. Having been agreed with the Central Administration of the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Tatarstan, the snow dump was not fenced; no measures were taken to coordinate it with the Territorial Administration of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Tatarstan. In relation to LLC (as legal entity) and its director (as an official), the environmental prosecutor's office in connection with the violation of the Rules for the improvement of urban districts initiated administrative proceedings according to Part 1 of Art. 3.6 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Tajikistan. The total amount of the imposed penalty was 30 thousand rubles.
Article 1065 of the Civil Code states that the danger of causing harm in the future may become the basis for a claim to prohibit an activity that creates such a danger. Taking this into account, the court was sent statement of claim to LLC "Ainur and Co" on the prohibition of activities for the delivery and storage of snow at a snow dump in the village of Salmachi until the violations are eliminated. In order to secure the claim, since the snow dump was overcrowded and each additional delivery of snow created a real threat to local residents, simultaneously with the claim, an application for interim measures was submitted to the court in the form of prohibiting the defendant from carrying out the activities of importing and storing snow at the snow dump until acceptance court decision on the merits. The court granted the application to secure the claim, which made it possible to significantly reduce the volume of snow delivered to the landfill. When considering the claim on the merits, the demands of the prosecutor's office were satisfied in full.
A comprehensive analysis of the legality of placing snow dumps on the territory of the city of Kazan showed that out of 13 authorized snow dumps, only 3 were approved by the Rospotrebnadzor authorities. In other words, we can conclude that in most cases it was impossible to say with confidence that proper safety of snow dumps was ensured for citizens .
Based on the results of the inspections, information letters were sent to the city district prosecutors of the Republic of Tatarstan about the practice of prosecutorial supervision in the field of improvement of settlements. The city executive committee was informed about the state of legality in the operation of snow dumps in Kazan.
The results of the audit were highlighted in the media mass media and caused a wide public outcry. An indicator of the effectiveness of the work is the incoming positive feedback from citizens who are grateful for the protection of their violated rights and legitimate interests by the prosecutor’s office.

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IMPROVEMENT OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS

Improvement of entrances to rural settlements and

bus stops

Before entering a rural settlement, an entry sign should be installed, which should contain information about the production and economic purpose of the rural settlement or its history.

The entrance sign is made only according to an individual design, taking into account its relationship with the village and the peculiarities of its perception. The simple and expressive shape of the sign makes it easier to perceive from highways and moving cars. For pedestrians to perceive the sign, information about the village should be concise and meaningful, and the shape of the sign should be simple and memorable. It is better to combine the entrance sign with a bus stop or road parking lot.

Particular attention should be paid to landscaping the area in front of the entry sign. You can place benches, flower stands, urns, and decorative paving on it.

The pavilion for stopping transport should provide passengers with comfortable waiting, protection from wind, rain, snow, as well as good review roads and picturesque surroundings.

It is advisable to install on the territory of the bus stop mailbox, information stand, warning fence, etc.

Toilets are located 10-15 m from the bus pavilion behind a strip of greenery, if their need is determined by the planning and development project of a rural village.

The road between the bus stop and the rural village itself should be fairly well-maintained.

Bus stop pavilion

Brick. Laying walls from facing ceramic bricks with deep seams. Type of masonry – Lipetsk. The posts and purlins are painted with black nitro varnish. Bench and canopy made of wood coated with clear varnish

Bus stop with entry sign

1. Made from planed beams and boards

2. Made of monolithic reinforced concrete

Bus stop pavilion and stand

mailbox

Made from natural stone. The ceiling is made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The decorative wall is made of anodized aluminum or wood.

Improvement of public parks and centers in rural areas

The main planning unit of the territory of rural settlements is the public center, where administrative, cultural, educational and commercial buildings, a community park, a sports area, squares and the main street of the village are concentrated.

External landscaping a public center depends on its location in the planning structure of a rural village, the conditions of its perception in the surrounding artificial and natural environment at different times of the year, day and night, compositional and visual relationship with the natural landscape and industrial area, as well as on the long-term development of the settlement.

When solving external improvement center should provide space for the installation of banners, a board of honor and a board of production indicators, stands, billboards and other elements of visual propaganda and festive decoration. The compositional center of the square can be a monument, monument, fountain, decorative pool or other structure, which should carry a significant artistic and ideological load in the surrounding architectural ensemble. You should avoid concentrating a large number of different elements in one place.

The integrity of the perception of external landscaping and the surrounding buildings or landscape environment is achieved by the scale of the elements, their design, shape, material and color, depending on the installation location and functional purpose.

Small forms of public architecture (flower vases, benches, trash cans, bicycle racks, swimming pools, etc.) should be made of durable materials: concrete, natural stone, metal. They should be decorative at the same time.

Squares located on squares should be designed in the form of parterre lawns with flowers of perennials, decorative groups of shrubs and trees of the third size, as they are more consistent with the scale of the surrounding development. When creating decorative groups, it is appropriate to use particularly colorful species, expanding the local assortment with species that have proven themselves in urban landscaping.

Before the entrances to administrative and public buildings, it is recommended to create compositions from vases, flowers, alpine slides and sculptures. In front of residential buildings included in the development of squares and the main street, provide lawns at least 12 m wide with ornamental shrubs and trees for noise protection.

For paving squares and the main street, colored or white should be used. concrete slabs, flagstone and other natural stone, or colored asphalt concrete. The nature and pattern of the coating are taken depending on the overall composition of the area or street, taking into account the shape of the paving slabs, the method of laying them, the color ratio, as well as depending on the material for filling the joints (vegetable soil, cement-sand mixture etc.).

At public buildings, it is necessary to provide asphalted parking lots and mark out spaces for cars on them. Bicycle parking should also be provided at the community center. To install them, metal clamps mounted in the paving slabs should be used. Parking lots should not interrupt pedestrian routes.

Trade, catering and consumer service establishments must have utility yards with convenient access for vehicles, small canopies for household packaging and storage facilities. Courtyards cannot be placed on the side of the main points of perception of the development of the center, streets (that is, squares, pedestrian paths, ponds, lawn squares and other open places). Farm yards are landscaped with tall trees, their territory is paved, and the perimeter is fenced with a high hedge.

The entire territory of the public center is illuminated taking into account the perception of the street and squares, landscaping and small forms of architecture in the evening and at night.

The community park is the main compositional element of the architectural composition of a rural village and an important functional area for public recreation. It can be located near the center or in an independent zone in the general planning structure of a rural village.

The park should have a developed system of entertainment and cultural centers, a transport and pedestrian network, a complex complex of landscape architecture elements, including, along with ponds, groves, group and single plantings of trees and shrubs, also flower parterres, open lawns, flower beds, fountains.

For a community-wide park, the following functional zoning of the territory is recommended: main entrance zone, memorial zone, cultural and educational zone, quiet recreation and walking zone, sports zone, children's playground and economic zone. Some of the zones can be identified and separated from the general territory of the park (memorial and sports zones) and exist independently.

The compositional solution of the park should be based on the general planning structure of the settlement.

For parks, you can use territories that are inconvenient for development, wedged into a residential area: the slopes of ravines, gullies, quarries, lowlands, banks of rivers and ponds. The composition of such parks should be built on the basis of a central mass of greenery, intersected by a network of walking paths with a clearly defined connection with the public center of the village and park facilities located on the periphery. When composing a rural park, it is necessary to take into account the perception of the village in general and individual zones of the park at different times of the year. The park should be dominated by the picturesque nature of the layout and placement of buildings, structures and elements of landscape architecture (arrays, groups and single trees in contrast with open spaces). Individual elements can be designed in the classic regular style: the main entrance, memorial and sports areas.

One of the specific features of most regions of the Russian Federation is the duration of the winter period, and therefore an indispensable condition is the inclusion of coniferous trees in the range of green spaces.

When creating rural parks, the question often arises of reconstructing forest areas, including them in the park landscape. Here it is important to preserve the most valuable qualities found in natural plantings and eliminate shortcomings that negatively affect the decorative, artistic and sanitary qualities of the landscape.

The main entrance to the park should be planned to be linked to the general structure of the village and, depending on this, be made of concrete, metal, wood or other local material. The main entrance can become one of the main architectural and planning elements of the public center area, as well as the main street of the village. The composition of the main entrance should include elements of visual propaganda and information.

The memorial zone is a new element of the planning structure of the park. It was created in memory of the soldiers - residents of the village who died during the Great Patriotic War. Patriotic War 1941-1945 This area should be connected by a convenient alley to the main entrance for ceremonial processions on holidays.

The cultural and educational zone includes: a dance floor, a summer stage, attractions, etc. The architecture of these structures should be designed in light structures (they can be seasonal). In front of each of them it is necessary to provide recreational areas with a lightweight surface.

An area for quiet rest and walking is set up in the most picturesque part of the park, on rough terrain, preferably near bodies of water. This area should be well connected to the main avenue of the park. It will be equipped with gazebos, recreation areas, alpine slides, and a network of various alleys and paths.

The sports area includes: a stadium, playgrounds, boat stations, beaches, winter sports facilities. Planning-wise, this zone can be combined with the school site.

The children's games sector should be located in the part of the park with the most favorable microclimate and equipped with playgrounds for children of different age groups. In this sector, it is necessary to provide paths for riding bicycles and children's cars, and a village-wide children's playground consisting of various play structures and devices.

Functional zoning schemes for rural parks

1 – entrances to the park

2 – area of ​​children's games and attractions

3 – area for holding mass events yatiy

4 – zone of entertainment and cultural and educational events

5 – sports zone

6 – area for walking and quiet rest

General view of the external landscaping of the administrative and shopping center

1- administrative building
2 - department store
3 - consumer services plant
4 - Youth House, hotel
5 - bus stop pavilions
6 - architectural and decorative design of the entrance to the square at the administrative and shopping center
7 - decorative pool
8 - flower beds

Decoration of the entrance to the park from the village square

Decorative elements are made of reinforced concrete; decorative panels – mosaic, sgrafito, fresco, lamps

Approximate solution for landscaping and landscaping

approach from the highway to the monument

Steps for parks and community centers

A – steps made of red burnt brick. Used in community centers villages

B – dirt steps. The edges are fastened with small diameter wooden logs. Placed in parks, squares, individual areas, and recreation areas

B – ground steps. The edges are fastened with logs cut lengthwise. Suitable for use in rough terrain with little traffic, as well as in parks and squares

G – ground steps. I strengthen the edges flat natural stones. The stones are placed close to each other and sunk into the ground. The steps fit well into the surrounding landscape. The height of the steps is 15 cm, the width of the tread, depending on local conditions and terrain, is 30-50 cm.

Benches for rest areas

A-table-bench is placed on recreation areas, in parks. Can be used to play checkers and chess

B – decorative bench

B – wooden bench with a back made of short logs

G – decorative bench

D - decorative bench

These benches are made from tree waste. Connected with cuttings and nails. The surface is sanded and varnished. Those parts of the logs that are buried in the ground must be antiseptic and covered with bitumen.

Advertising stand

TYPICAL PROJECT 320-55

General view of the external landscaping of the cultural and educational center

1 – Palace of Culture
2 – boarding school
3 – swimming pool
4 – entrance to the park and stadium 5 – decorative pool
6 – architectural and decorative installation
7 – flower beds

An example of landscaping a recreation area in

public area of ​​the village

Architectural and decorative installation “Glory to Labor”.

Made of reinforced concrete, natural stone.

1 – paving with reinforced concrete slabs

4 – flower garden

5 – benches

6 – stairs

7 – information stand

Decorative relief - made of metal or ceramics; photographic portraits of leading production workers can be illuminated. Installed on the village square at the entrance to the park.

The structure is a metal or wooden glued frame, covered with plastic, hardboard, plexiglass and similar materials. Decorative and informational compositions are made with waterproof paints. Installed on the main square central estate farms.

AN EXAMPLE OF IMPROVEMENT OF A RECREATION AREA IN A PARK AREA OF A VILLAGE

Flower bench

TYPICAL PROJECT 320-55

Developed and put into operation by the Belgosproekt Institute

When installing a flower bed on an asphalt or concrete surface, the bottom is made of galvanized sheet metal.

Elements of improvement of recreation areas

1 – paving

3 – pergola

4 – park furniture

5 – ladder

Furniture made from forest waste

This furniture is designed for relaxing areas in parks. The furniture is made from large diameter trunks of various crooked trees. The trunks are attached to each other with nails, metal brackets and spikes

Decorative and retaining walls

4-terrace retaining wall

5.6 – retaining walls to strengthen slopes

7 – the wall is made of facing brick. Metal bench design

Dance floor for 30 dancing couples

It can serve as a platform for free activity of young people, a kind of open-air dance club. Installed in parks, public areas in residential areas.

Dance floor standard project MF-113

Developed and put into operation by the Mosproekt-3 Institute

The dance floor is a circle with a diameter of 16.0 m in plan. The floor of the platform is made of boards laid along joists on brick pillars. A second small circle for the orchestra rises above the floor, protected by a trellis screen made of wooden slats, oiled and coated with colorless varnish. An emblem – a treble clef – is burned on the screen with a blowtorch. The height of the perimeter of the small circle for the orchestra is covered with unsanded birch plates

Children's playground in community parks

Children's town and should be carried out only on individual projects, in the preparation of which it is necessary to take into account local construction traditions, the specifics of children's games, and the capabilities of the local construction base.

1 - hut house
2 - artificial relief
3 - tunnel
4 - flagpole

Improvement of children's play areas and their

equipment

U kindergarten preschool should be fenced and isolated from surrounding buildings and streets by planting hedges or trees.

On the territory of the site there are areas for games and recreation for parents., for birds and animals, a utility yard and a garden plot.

Playgrounds are isolated from each other by hedges, lawns or tree plantings. They accommodate (depending on the age of the children) sandboxes, rocking chairs, carousels and other play equipment. A shady canopy, benches, and trash cans must be installed at each site. The quantity and type of equipment depend on the capacity of the child care facility.

On the school grounds arrange educational and sports grounds, recreation areas for various age groups, educational buildings, utility yard. Equipment is placed depending on the capacity of the school.

In the training and experimental zone it is recommended to break garden-arboretum, where schoolchildren will be able to grow rare and collectible varieties of trees, shrubs, and flowers in this area for their further distribution in the village.

Sports grounds should be located on the side of the school's recreational premises. It is necessary to provide a sports core at the school site. School sports facilities can be of a community-wide nature.

Landscaping of the school site should be at least 50% of the territory.

Small forms of architecture are placed on the school site: structures for holding pioneer events, stands for visual propaganda, decorative thematic sculpture, benches, vases, and play equipment.

Playgrounds on the territory of residential zones and children's institutions are divided according to age groups: toddlers (up to 3 years), preschool age(3-6 years old), primary and secondary school age (7-1 4 years old).

On children's playgrounds the following elements may be provided: devices for orientation on the ground; equipment for developing agility and strength; equipment for developing coordination of movements; equipment for developing imagination; gaming moving devices; equipment for playing with sand; shade canopies; areas for free activities for teenagers; sports equipment.

General norm for playgrounds 0.5-2 m2 per person is accepted (if the group consists of children from one to 6 years old) and 0.6 m2 per person (if the group consists of children from 7 to 14 years old).

Playgrounds for children should be placed no closer than 25 m from residential buildings, and no closer than 10 m from utility areas and garbage containers, isolating them with dense bushes and trees. It is recommended to cover the paths with optimal special mixtures, and make entrance areas from colored concrete or asphalt. Playgrounds should have water drains, trash cans and lighting fixtures.

To protect from wind and sun, the sites are fenced with plantings of trees and shrubs 5-10 m wide, but in such a way as to ensure constant insolation of part of the territory.

Children's playgrounds must be equipped so that they can be used at any time of the year. When installing devices, the following requirements must be observed:

devices must be comfortable and safe, hygienic and easy to clean; around play walls, swings, carousels, slides, it is necessary to pour a layer of sand 10-15 cm thick; the shape and color of all accessories must be made in an original, tasteful manner and not spoil the clothes. When architectural and decorative design of children's playgrounds, it is necessary to take into account national traditions.

When deciding the vertical layout of children's institutions It is advisable to use excess soil to build slides, bridges, and ladders.

On flat surfaces of children's play devices It is recommended to depict fairy-tale characters, landscapes, cars, tractors, airplanes.

The correct placement of devices is of great importance on children's playgrounds. When designing them, you need to unify components and parts, create various compositions from individual standard parts, using the material economically and rationally.

Sand in sandboxes should be changed two to three times a year. For quiet games, houses and tents from local building materials: wood, reeds. Such houses can be built based on fairy tales.

Roller coasters can be done from wood and other materials. Their rolling side is covered with plastic or metal. On one site you can place several slides in a group; their height should be 180-200 cm.

Decommissioned cars, boats, tractors can be used for games children's playgrounds.

When arranging gaming equipment You should avoid concentrating a large number of different elements in one place, which makes them difficult to perceive. For the integrity of the perception of external landscaping elements and surrounding buildings, it is necessary to take into account the scale of the elements, design, material, shape and color, deciding them depending on the installation location and functional purpose.

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